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Multi-Tenancy with Workers for Platforms

This document describes commercial Enterprise capabilities. Basic Workers for Platforms concepts and examples are part of the open core. Full production multi-tenant SaaS platform, billing, and advanced isolation live in the closed-source Enterprise layer. See OPEN_CORE_FEATURE_SPLIT.md.

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Why WfP?

• Isolated “User Workers” per tenant / fund / strategy book.
• Centralized Dispatch Worker performs routing + auth, then dispatches.
• Each User Worker gets its own (or shared-but-namespaced) bindings: DO namespaces, Queues, D1 (per-tenant or sharded), R2 paths, etc.
• Native support for tags (for metering/billing), namespaces, and (as of late 2025) dashboard management.
• Synchronous first deploy + static assets support.
• Perfect for “platform” or “hosted” HOOX where customers can even bring limited custom strategy logic.

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Architecture

Incoming Request (subdomain, header, or JWT tenant claim)
          │
          ▼
Dispatch Worker (Enterprise account)
  - Resolve tenant from claim / subdomain / tag
  - Enforce Zero Trust / Bot Mgmt / API Shield
  - Lookup namespace + script
  - env.TENANT_DISPATCHER.dispatch(..., { tenantId, ... })
          │
          ▼
Tenant / Strategy "User Worker"
  - Runs in strong isolation
  - Own (or prefixed) DOs, Queues, secrets
  - Can still call system services via Service Bindings (with tenant-scoped auth)
          │
    Tenant-specific logic or full lightweight HOOX mesh

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Dispatch Worker Pattern

// workers/dispatch/src/index.ts (Enterprise only)
import { createDispatcher } from "./dispatcher";

export default {
  async fetch(request: Request, env: Env) {
    const tenantId = extractTenant(request); // subdomain, header, or JWT
    if (!tenantId) return new Response("Missing tenant", { status: 400 });

    // Optional: per-tenant rate limiting, bot score check, etc.
    const namespace = env.NAMESPACES.get(env.NAMESPACES.idFromName(tenantId));

    return namespace.dispatch(request, {
      // pass tenant context
      tenantId,
      // forward internal auth with tenant claim
    });
  }
};

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Per-Tenant Isolation

• Durable Objects: Use idFromName(\tenant:$:idempotency`)` or dedicated namespaces per tenant.
• Queues: One queue per tenant or heavily tagged.
• D1: One database per tenant (recommended for isolation + billing) or row-level with tenant_id + RLS-like checks.
• R2: Keys prefixed tenants/${tenantId}/... + separate buckets for strict residency.
• KV: Per-tenant or namespaced.
• Secrets: Per-script or using Secret Store with tenant scoping.
• Vectorize: Metadata filtering by tenant or separate indexes.

// in @hoox-shared
export function requireInternalAuthWithTenant(req: Request, env: Env, tenantId: string) {
  const err = requireInternalAuth(req, env);
  if (err) return err;
  const claim = req.headers.get("X-Tenant-Id");
  if (claim !== tenantId) return new Response("Tenant mismatch", { status: 403 });
}

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Workers for Platforms Specifics (2025-2026)

• Dashboard support for creating namespaces, dispatch templates, tags.
• Static assets can be attached directly to User Workers.
• First-time User Worker uploads are synchronous (200 means ready to dispatch).
• Tags for cost attribution and quota enforcement (Enterprise advantage).

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Hosted SaaS vs Dedicated Enterprise

• Hosted (SaaS): One Enterprise account runs the Dispatch + system workers. Customers get User Workers in isolated namespaces. Billing via tags + external system.
• Dedicated (Self-hosted on Ent account): Customer gets their own Enterprise account + our templates + CLI that sets up WfP (or just higher limits + Logpush + Workflows without full multi-tenancy).

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Limits & Scaling Notes

• Much higher numbers of scripts / namespaces.
• Higher request volume and concurrency.
• Custom limit increases.
• Better support for customer-provided code (security review processes).

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Related

• See architecture.mdx for overall topology.
• observability-audit.mdx for per-tenant log isolation.
• Existing wrangler.jsonc patterns will be extended with dispatch and namespace bindings in Enterprise templates.